Understanding Trauma
Trauma can manifest itself in a variety of contexts. Home life, school, the workplace, the larger community, or a war zone are all possible settings. The subjective experience of an event, rather than the event itself, determines whether it is deemed traumatic. Exposure to trauma can occur through various means, including natural disasters, acts of terrorism, or even within personal environments such as abusive relationships.
We have provided a breakdown of experiences that may be considered traumatic.
Types of Trauma
Trauma is classified into two types: Types 1 and 2.
Type 1 Trauma
Type 1 traumas are those that occur in a single event and are unexpected. They are also known as big trauma, shock, or acute trauma. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a condition associated with big T trauma or Type 1 trauma.
Examples of type 1 trauma might include:
- Acute illness or injury
- A violent assault
- Sexual exploitation and sexual abuse
- Tragic loss
- Robbery or mugging
- Being a victim or bystander of violence
- Seeing a terrorist attack
- Experiencing a natural disaster
- Accident on the road
- Military combat incident
- Hospitalization
- Psychiatric hospitalization
- Childbirth
- Medical trauma
- Post-suicide attempt trauma
- Life-threatening illness or diagnosis
These experiences can lead to a wide range of psychological trauma, often manifesting as emotional responses that impact daily life.
Type 2 Trauma
Complex trauma refers to trauma that occurs during childhood or the early stages of development. Repetitive trauma is trauma that has occurred multiple times over a series of events and is frequently part of an interpersonal relationship in which someone may feel emotionally or physically trapped. They may also believe they were coerced or are powerless to prevent the trauma. Complex Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is a condition associated with type 2 trauma.
Examples of type 2 trauma include:
- Abuse between siblings
- Emotional abuse in childhood
- Domestic abuse and domestic violence
- Neglect of emotions and attachment trauma
- Abandonment
- Verbal abuse
- Coercion
- Domestic physical violence
- Misdiagnosis of a health problem over time
- Bullying can occur at home, school, or at work.
- Sexual exploitation and child sexual abuse
- Emotional savagery
- Physical abuse
- A religious upbringing that is overly strict
Historical, Collective, or Intergenerational Trauma
This trauma is distinguished by psychological or emotional difficulties affecting various communities, cultural groups, and generations. Adaptive coping strategies can be passed down through generations, creating intergenerational trauma. Examples might include:
- Racism
- Slavery
- Forcible removal from a family or community
- Genocide
- War
Vicarious or Secondary Trauma
When someone speaks to someone who has personally experienced or witnessed a traumatic event, this type of trauma can occur. The person listening may experience secondary trauma as well as symptoms similar to those described by the person explaining the trauma. This can lead to feelings of distress and emotional scars for the listener, affecting their interpersonal relationships and daily life. The impact of vicarious trauma can extend to mental health professionals who work with trauma survivors, as they may experience their own trauma symptoms through their clients’ stories.
Little T Trauma
Little trauma is less visible and discussed less frequently. Little t traumas are everyday occurrences that are accepted as a normal part of life. They can, however, be extremely traumatic. Here are some examples:
- Loss of a loved one (not traumatic bereavement)
- Moving to a new house
- Losing a job
- Daily activities disrupted by a distressing event
Getting Treatment for Both Types of Trauma
At Shine Mental Health, we understand that seeking help for mental health issues can be overwhelming. That’s why our team of experienced mental health professionals is dedicated to providing compassionate and effective treatment options to those in need. If you or a loved one is struggling with mental health challenges, don’t hesitate to contact us today to learn more about our programs and how we can help.
Our treatment plan may include behavioral therapy and other common trauma therapies designed to address the effects of trauma and aid recovery.
Conclusion
The impact of trauma on individuals can be profound and long-lasting, affecting not just mental health but also physical health. It is essential for trauma survivors to seek help to address the effects of trauma, including intrusive memories, emotional trauma, and other trauma symptoms.
Understanding the types of trauma, whether acute, chronic, or related to child abuse, can aid in developing a personalized treatment plan. Trauma-informed care is vital for recovery, allowing individuals to navigate their experiences and find healthier ways to cope with their emotional response to traumatic experiences. For those affected by domestic violence, sexual trauma, or any form of abuse, support is available through various treatment options tailored to their unique experiences. Behavioral therapy and other therapeutic approaches can significantly enhance quality of life for those dealing with psychological trauma and help them manage symptoms of anxiety disorders or substance use disorder.
For more information, please refer to the National Institute of Mental Health or the American Psychological Association for resources and support on the journey to healing.
